The problem of environmental pollution that has its origin in atmospheric, aqueous, and land media poses a significant and long-term danger to animal health in agriculture and peri-urban as well as in the wild environment. These organisms are continuously exposed to multiple flows of pollutants and this is coupled with the unavailability of scalable, non-invasive monitoring tools, but again, physiological deterioration caused by pollution is detected early. The integumentary system is one of the many physiological systems that form the major biological points of contact with the external milieu, and often reveal pathological changes that are noticeable before the systemic illness manifests itself.
This paper suggests a skin-based convolutional neural network (CNN)-based model that can identify and measure the impacts of a multi-source environmental pollution, or air, water, and soil, on the health of animals. The suggested solution takes images of animal skin that are captured with a camera and combines them with the matching and synchronized parameter of environmental pollution in a multi-modal deep-learning network. The article presents a new Pollution-Induced Skin Health Index (PSHI) that can be used to determine pollution-induced dermatological degradation on a continuous and interpretable measurement scale. Furthermore, it uses explainable artificial intelligence methods to identify the areas of skin with pollution, thus improving the transparency and veterinary interpretability.
Non-invasive camera-based imaging techniques were used to collect all data combined with the publicly accessible environmental monitoring sources, thus, meeting the requirements of ethical and legal considerations. The suggested model enables the scalability, explicability and field-deployable animal health monitoring, which is in line with the One Health paradigm.
Animal Skin Health; Convolutional Neural Networks; Environmental Pollution; Air–Water–Soil Pollution; Explainable AI; Camera-Based Monitoring; One Health.
Deepika Rathi, Ayan Rajput. Multi-Source Pollution Effects on Animal Health. Indian Journal of Modern Research and Reviews. 2026; 4(6):84-89
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